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K-CULTURAL HERITAGE

Everlasting Legacies of Korea

  • 1988.5.30
    designated date
    nongak is the music played by farmers when they squeeze their dure and play percussion instruments such as kkwaenggwari, Jing, Janggu, and drum. It is also called Gut, Maegu, Pungjang, Geumgo, Chigun, etc.

    Wooksu nongak is a nongak that originated from the Cheonwang-Baegi Gut, which was held every year at Dongjedang Hall in this village.

    The process of nongak is performed as a wayfarer, Cheonwangdaejigut, which is performed in front of Dongjedang, and a round-demi in which nongak performers dance to the rhythm of Sangsoe in the original form, a yard play in which gongs, drums, janggu, and Beopgojabi players show their tricks in groups, and a Sangsoeobuk-gu, and Z-dong, and quickly turns the performers who sit in the shape.

    Wooksu nongak has a characteristic of Yeongnam nongak, which has a relatively fast-spaced and low-spinning melody, and especially the rhythm of Gilgut is unique. In addition, it is unique in that out-of-the-box farming is a rare form of play in the southern part of Gyeongsang-do.
  • 2019.6.7
    designated date
    Iksan Seongdang Port Village is located on the west side of the Geumgang River. It was once called Seongdangpo or Seongpo, which was the site of a cathedral window that controlled Segok from Goryeo to the late Joseon Dynasty. Visitors can feel relaxed while learning about murals, Hwangpo Sailboat, and the ecology of the Geumgang River, which reflect the history of the traditional port village.

    In Seongdang Port Village, there is a Pogu Travel Program where you can experience the life of fishermen through the history of Pogu, the course of sailing along the Geumgang River, Hwangpo sailboat riding, taking pictures of Pogu, and drawing pictures of Pogu, and the Geumgang Ecological Exploration Program where you can experience life in Pogu, where the hardships and joys of the life are buried, and sorrows of the Geumgang. Especially, in the village of Seongdang-gu, Iksan-si, the habitat of Goran-cho, a rare protected plant, is located, giving you a new experience.
  • 2003.6.25
    Designated Date
    Yongpyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, was named Yongjeon-ri by merging Dunjeon-dong and Bangdeok-dong as the main points of traffic passing through the Yeongdong Expressway.

    The name originated from the fact that it was transferred from the area around Dunjeon-dong.

    In the Pyeongchang area, there were nongak bands in Jinbu, Daehwa, Banglim, Baekokpo, Jangpyeong, Mitan, and Yuchon in the 1970s, and Jung-ri nongak in Pyeongchang-eup has long been active with regional representation.

    Later, when Baekokpo nongak, which had formed a double wall, was discontinued, Yongjeon nongak was formed, and this was changed to the name Dunjeonpyeong nongak, which is now being continued.
  • 1966.6.29
    designated date
    Farm music performed when farmers are working while helping each other, by forming a cooperative farming team, in a broad sense, refers to music performed when people march, work, hold ceremonies, and enjoy games while beating small gongs, gongs, hourglass drums, and drums. The performers are called gut, maegu, pungjang, geumgo, or chwigun.

    All performers play musical instruments while wearing hats. In Pangut (entertainment-oriented performance), the chaesangmo game makes a fine show. On the other hand, paljinhaesikjingut, a military game, looks unique. Its beat is fast, powerful, and exciting.

    Jinju Samcheonpo nongak, a successor of pangut, has higher artistic value. In Paljinbeop, Beokku Nori, sangsoe (leader of the farmers’ music troupe), and Mudong Nori (kids sing and dance), individual skills are excellent.
  • 1999.7.1
    designated date
    General Nam Yi was born in 1441 (the 23rd year of King Sejong's reign), passed the military service at the age of 17, defeated Yi Si-ae's orchids and Yeo Jin-jok at the age of 26, but was beheaded at the young age of 27 due to Yu Ja-gwang's slander. The Nami General Military Party (NAMI) is a ritual held every year after building a shrine about 300 years ago to console the general's spirit and honor his loyalty, feeling sorry for the loss of his life due to the dew of his prison sentence. On October 1, the festival was held to celebrate the eve of the festival, and residents were relieved of their worries, worries, and well-being, which naturally cemented the local folk religion.

    When Nami General's Sadang Festival begins, geolippae visit each house with nongak and pay for the rite. Rather than simply a geolip of a nongak band, it is a religious ritual that corresponds to village dolgigut, in which a shaman participates to pray for each house. In the past, Danggut used to serve flowers as a ritual for spirits that brought them to the main hall, but now it has developed into a flower lantern event, marching from the Dangjip in Sancheon-dong to the shrine and holding a ritual at the shrine. The Nami General Military Party is held as a ritual ceremony in accordance with the ritual music of musicians, followed by a shaman rite, which is similar in form to the Gangneung Danoje Festival and the Eunsan Byeolsinje Festival. However, the general procession is actually equivalent to a journey to the village of God by taking a walk around the village with a new flower.

    In the midst of the disappearance of village ritual in modern times, the Sadang Festival in Nami-gun is meaningful in that it preserves its original appearance, and it has become a festive village ritual with active cooperation and participation from residents.

    bbb※※ For detailed information on the above cultural assets, please refer to the Seoul Metropolitan Government Department of Historical and Cultural Heritage (202-2133-2616). </bb
  • 2000.7.7
    Specified date
    Gochang nongak has long been a nongak formed along the beaches of Gochang, Mujang and Yeonggwang. It has a general nature of Honam Udo nongak, but it is characterized by its diverse development of mixed color play and its well-organized gokkal sogo play.

    Gokkal Sogo Nori is characterized by the flexibility of improvisation depending on the progress of the rhythm and the development of the situation, as it dances joyfully with a cone on its head.

    Kang Mo-jil's disciple, Jeong Chang-hwan, was recognized as the holder of the Sogo section and is currently working hard to foster the younger generation at the Gochang Dongri Traditional Music Center and Gochang nongak Training Center.
  • 1991.7.9
    designated date
    Punggeoje refers to a ritual ceremony to prevent various accidents in the sea in the fishing village where the sea is a living place and to pray for the peace of the village and the good fish. In the first month of the lunar year, a ritual is held to pray for the peace of the village and the good fish for two days on the 2nd and 3rd.

    As for the origin of the Bunggi Punggeoje, it was said that on a foggy night in the present-day Hwangdo Dangsan, the ships lost their course and were safely returned home, building a shrine house, holding a memorial service, and considered sacred. Jeju, which is responsible for the ceremony, is elected as an unrighteous person for a year, and the offering is made by catching and using an unrighteous cow from the east, but pigs are not raised or eaten in the village because they are in conflict with snakes that are held as gods.

    On the first day, the Bungi Punggeo Festival began with a ritual for oxen as a sacrificial offering, praying for the blessings of families in each village with Segyeonggut, and praying for the well-being of the entire village and a good harvest at Bongut. At the end of the first day, each shipowner gathered at the port was given a ceremony in which he was possessed by the spirit of his ship. On the second day, each shipowner and crew member perform a ceremony to quickly load the offerings used in the rite and a boat race in which the boat is placed first, and perform a rite on each ship. Finally, fishermen sing the Pung-eo-taryeong of Bungi to nongak and eat the prepared food and have a good time.

    The Hwangdo Bungi Punggeo Festival is more like a religious ceremony involving the entire village, rather than a simple festival, and its original form remains well-preserved, and is passed down as a folk game to strengthen the harmony and cooperation in the village.
  • 1991.7.9
    designated date
    Baekjung nori refers to the fact that the servants who had been working hard on farming had a day off on Baekjung Day on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month.

    It is said that Yeonsan Baekjung Nori was handed down around Yeonsan-myeon around Wangdae-ri, Duma-myeon, Nonsan, and that Kim Guk-gwang, who served as a left-wing councilor during the reign of King Seongjong of the Joseon Dynasty (1469-1494), visited the tomb on Baekjungnal and played a game at the Yeonsan Market.

    Yeonsan Baekjung Nori is a reproduction of the custom of holding a ritual ceremony, discussing the reward for filial piety and punishment for the invalid, and selecting a well-fed farmhand that year.

    The progress of the play leads to Gilnori Jingun, which gathers at the center of the play yard, Nongsinje, which sets up Nongsin Altar and performs exorcism pangut, and Sangbeol Madang, which punishes filial piety and unfaithful people, and awards well-fed servants. The behind-the-scenes play is exciting with nongak, and the yangban dance and the humorous dance of clowns are combined.

    Yeonsan Baekjung Nori is a folk game that has been handed down from this region for more than 500 years. It is a unique folk game that wishes for the peace of the village and a good harvest, and contains the Chunghyo ideology and social hierarchy.
  • 1984.7.25
    designated date
    nongak is the music played by farmers when they squeeze their dure and play percussion instruments such as kkwaenggwari, Jingo, Jango, and drum. According to the purpose of performing nongak, the types can be divided into Dangsan Gut, Madang Bapgi, Gulip Gut, Duregut, Pangut, Kiuje Gut, and Baegut. If classified according to regional characteristics, they are divided into Gyeonggi nongak, Yeongdong nongak, Honam Jwado nongak, Gyeongnam nongak, and Gyeongbuk nongak.

    It is said that Gosan nongak has been practiced during a village ritual on the fifteenth of lunar January every year since the time of the village's development. The process of nongak is led by farming tools, and the road hawks, led by gong, drum, janggu, sangmo, and japchaek, which run lightly to the place where nongak is performed, and the dungdeokgungungung, which turns clockwise by making a Taegeuk pattern, turns round a circle and draws two concentric circles according to the direction of sangsoe, and dances according to the rhythm of sangsoe.In the order of , the players of the same musical instrument come out to play in the middle of the circle and play Beopgo play.

    The characteristic of Gosan nongak is that it maintains its native and deep-rooted nongak without losing its traditional beauty, and that there is a chicken-throwing yard that is not found in other nongak nori.
  • 1988.8.1
    designated date
    As nongak (farmers’ music) that has been handed down in Pilbong, Imsil, Imsil Pilbong nongak belongs to Honam Jwado nongak (Farmers’ Performance of the Western Jeolla-do). Simple farmers’ music such as that performed on occasions like dangsangut (rite to village guardian) or madang bapgi (treading on the courtyard) had been handed down in this village. The music is said to have become sophisticated around 1920 when the villagers started learning the performing skills from Park Hak-sam, who served as sangsoe (leader of a farmers’ music troupe). The members of a farmer’s music troupe wear white jacket and trousers, with blue vest over the jacket and bands in three colors tied to the head. As for the headgear, only the soejabi (gong player) wears sangmo (hat with feathers or strings attached); others wear gokkal (conical hat). A farmer’s music troupe is composed of yonggi (dragon flag), nonggi (farmers’ flag), long soenabal (trumpet), samul [four percussion instruments, i.e., two kkwaenggwari (small gongs), two jing (large gongs), two buk (drums), and four janggo (hourglass-shaped drums)], beopgo (Buddhist drum), japsaek [referring to a group composed of yangban (nobleman), daeposu (drummer), jorijung (masked clown), changbu (male clown), gaksi (young girl), hwadong (young girl) and mudong (dancing boys)]. The local farmers’ music has many versions according to different occasions: maegut (village ritual held on New Year's Eve on the lunar calendar), madang bapgi, dangsanjegut (rite to village guardians), duregut (performance for villagers’ unity), and pangut (entertainment-oriented performance). Among them, Pangut showcases the best artistic quality. The Yeongsan rhythms contained in the local farmer’s music in Imsil are slow with have many variations, such as gajin yeongsan, dadeuraegi yeongsan, mijigi yeongsan, jaeneomgi yeongsan, gunyeong nori yeongsan, etc. The local farmer’s music in Pilbong, Imsil features clear-cut rhythms of kkwaenggwari (small gongs), powerful/gallant rhythms, and emphasis on teamwork rather than individuals’ skills.
  • 1979.8.3
    designated date
    nongak is the music played by farmers when they squeeze their dure and play percussion instruments such as kkwaenggwari, Jingo, Jango, and drum. According to the purpose of performing nongak, the types can be divided into Dangsan Gut, Madang Bapgi, Gulip Gut, Duregut, Pangut, Kiuje Gut, and Baegut. If classified according to regional characteristics, they are divided into Gyeonggi nongak, Yeongdong nongak, Honam Jwado nongak, Gyeongnam nongak, and Gyeongbuk nongak.

    The nongak of Jeollanam-do can be largely divided into Jwa-do, Udo, and Seobuan-gut, based on the manner of the procession, costume, and musicality. Among them, Jwa-do-gut is a nongak developed in the mountainous region of northeastern Jeollanam-do, and has the characteristics of excellent group play and fast rhythm and movement. So, while focusing on the top play, the bottom play Goodpap gives the impression that it is light and continuous. Hwasun Hancheon nongak belonged to Jwa-do-gut and was handed down about 200 years ago. Chagut is particularly well developed.

    Currently, Noh Seung-dae is recognized as the holder of entertainment in Hwacheon nongak.
  • 1987.8.25
    Designated date
    nongak is the music originally played by farmers when they work with Du-re (an organization for community work) and refers to the music played by percussion instruments such as gonggwari, gong, and janggu drum.

    Honam Udo nongak is a nongak developed around the western plains of Jeollanam-do. Especially, nongak played in Yeonggwang area is based on the nongak of the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs.

    nongak, or nongak, is a traditional folk music handed down from Yeonggwang, Mujang (Gochang), Jangseong, and Hampyeong. The late Choi Hwa-jip, who lived as a general, is the first to continue the tradition.

    The organization of the nongak troupe consists of representative instruments, nong porcelain ryeonggi (令旗), trumpet, iron lead, iron, gong, janggu, drum, sogo, and variegated nori. The gestures are varied and glamorous, and it is said to be a masterpiece.

    The mixed colors of Yeonggwang Udo nongak are the only ones in the country to wear a wooden mask made by hand using paulownia wood, and enjoy folk plays and playing with banquets. In particular, the late Jeon Kyung-hwan was also excellent in the art of decapitation. When you were working on your throat, you called in Mr. Moon Han-joon and worked with him manually, and the technology and equipment are now owned by Mr. Moon Han-joon. There are a total of 10 types of masks, including Daeposu, Yangban, Chambong, Halmi, Cooking, Biricho, and Hongjeoksam.

    In early January (Jeongwol), the ritual for village guardian deity is held, and the ritual for village guardian deity (Sam) and village cheonryonggut are performed, and the ritual for village guardian deity is performed to drive out disaster to the family and pray for happiness. Among them, Sangsoe nori and Seoljanggu nori are outstanding.

    Currently, Udo nongak is recognized as the owner of entertainment shows such as Sangsoe Moon Han-joon and Seoljanggu Kim Dong-eon.
  • 2019.9.2
    designated date
    National Intangible Cultural Property No. 11-7 "Gimcheon Geumneung Binnae nongak" is a nongak inherited from Binnae Village in Gwangcheon-ri, Gaeryeong-myeon, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and has the characteristics and characteristics of nongak in inland Gyeongsangbuk-do. In particular, Gimcheon Geumneung Binnae nongak is characterized by a grand drum play with both hands, and the military service that is displayed in Pangu (Yeongpoonggut, Yeongsan Daryeongi).
  • 2019.9.2
    designated date
    "Namwon nongak" is a nongak handed down in Ongjeong-ri, Geumji-myeon, Namwon-si, North Jeolla Province, and has the characteristics and characteristics of Honam left-hand nongak. Namwon nongak reflects the characteristics of geollipgut along with the village rite consisting of Deuldangsangut, Madangbapi, and Pangut. In particular, the back-gut (stolen jab, talent) composition of pangut is unique, and the winners are still making their own boulevards, which are only used in left-hand farming music in Honam.
  • 1995.9.20
    designated date
    The term "instrument head" means a person who has the skills or functions of making instruments used in traditional music, such as Janggu, Buk, Danso, Gayageum, Geomungo, etc. North Jeolla Province, the birthplace of Honam nongak, has a regional characteristic of smooth production and distribution of high-quality pungmul instruments.

    Janggu is a representative rhythm instrument imported from the Song Dynasty of China during the Goryeo Dynasty and is widely used in various fields to this day. Also called jango or seyogo, it is used as a material for horse skin and cowhide.

    A drum is a musical instrument that is played with leather on a wooden container and knocks it together, often collecting various pieces of pine trees to squeeze the drum and putting cowhide on both sides. Most of the pieces used in court music were nailed down, but in the private sector, more were tied with leather straps.

    The Danso is a wind instrument that is made of a pole. There are five holes, one at the top and four at the front, but the fourth hole at the front is not used. The range reaches two octaves, and the tone is clear and clear. It is also used as a solo instrument, but is mainly used for ensemble with other instruments in chamber music.

    Gayageum is one of the most representative stringed instruments of its kind, and the Korean alphabet in the ancient literature is called Gayageum, and it is known as Beopgeum or Pungryu Yageum, which are used in Aak or Jeongak. The gayageum has 12 strings tied to silk thread on a narrow, long rectangular wooden board, and a small column of wood that can be easily moved by supporting the rope. The tone is clear and elegant, and has a wide range of performing techniques, so it is used in both aak and folk music.

    Geomungo, also known as cash, was first produced by Wang Sanak in the third to fifth centuries by improving Chinese instruments. The oldest document on how to make it is written in "The Evil Trapezius," which states that the front panel of Geomungo is made of paulownia, chestnut wood, and walnut wood. Geomungo was produced by order, the method of making was handed down to the oral tradition, and it is assumed that the level of production skill was also high because it had to satisfy the demanding needs of the scholars compared to other instruments.

    As a traditional craftsmanship, Go Yi-gon is recognized as the master of the Danso, Seo Nam-gyu as the master of the drum and janggu production, Kang Shin-ha as the master of janggu production, Choi Dong-sik as the master of geomungo production, and Ko Su-hwan as the master of the gayageum production.